Open Access BASE2019

Effect of elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide on the allelopathic potential of common ragweed

Abstract

Background Allelopathy has been suggested as one potential mechanism facilitating the successful colonisation and expansion of invasive plants. The impacts of the ongoing elevation in atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) on the production of allelochemicals by invasive species are of great importance because they play a potential role in promoting biological invasion at the global scale. Common ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia var. elatior), one of the most notorious invasive exotic plant species, was used to assess changes in foliar mono- and sesquiterpene production in response to CO2 elevation (389.12 ± 2.55 vs. 802.08 ± 2.69 ppm). Results The plant growth of common ragweed significantly increased in elevated CO2. The major monoterpenes in the essential oil extracted from common ragweed leaves were β-myrcene, dl-limonene and 1,3,6-octatriene, and the major sesquiterpenes were β-caryophyllene and germacrene-D. The concentrations of 1,3,6-octatriene (258%) and β-caryophyllene (421%) significantly increased with CO2 elevation. Conclusions These findings improve our understanding of how allelochemicals in common ragweed respond to CO2 elevation. ; The authors would like to acknowledge Dr. Samsik Kang (College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University) and Dr. Jonghee Kim (Department of Biology, Gyeongnam University) for the technical advice and supportive discussion and Dr. Changsuk Kim (National Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology) for the seed collection. This work has been supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the Korea government (MSIT)(2018R1C1B6005351). We are grateful to NRF (2016R1D1A1A02937049, 2017096A001719BB01) for the financial support.

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