ТРУДОВАЯ МИГРАЦИЯ В КРЫМ (1944–1976)

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Abstract

В статье рассмотрен ход трудовой миграции в Крым. Государственная программа по переселению трудового населения была введена в связи с крайне тяжелым демографическим положением, в котором оказался регион после завершения военных действий Великой Отечественной войны на территории региона и насильственных депортаций. Прослежено развитие процесса, выявлены основные принципы организации переселения на полуостров. Исследование базируется на архивных материалах, которые впервые вводятся в научный оборот. ; As a result of the Great Patriotic War, Crimea had major human losses. To restore the demographic potential, infrastructure, and national farming, the Governmental Committee of Defense recognized the need to resettle able-bodied collective farm workers to Crimea from different regions of Russia and Ukraine. The resettlement can definitely be called a key event in the peninsula's post-war history. The main component for measuring the consolidation of the settlers in Crimea was the effective implementation of a social adaption program. It, first of all, included the building of houses for newcomers, infrastructure expansion, credit, and the attention to needs and problems of the new settlers. They cared about organizing the arrival of people and safely moving them into new houses. But there were still many problems. For example, some people did not fully carry out their functions. There were technological violations of constructing houses for the settlers. And there were cases of inappropriate uses of housing. But despite it all, the process of economic and housing arrangements for the arriving population rose to a better level within this period. Immigrants settled in new houses. They were hooked up to electricity, water pipes were laid. Schools, kindergartens were under construction. The settlers were able to use state credits, and they received preferential prices on food. As a result of these measures, the absolute majority of the population arrived and was settled in an orderly fashion in the region.