Study of frequency conversion by parametric amplification in mid-infrared optical fibers ; Etude de la conversion de fréquence par amplification paramètrique dans les fibres optiques transparentes dans l'infrarouge

Open Access

Abstract

Various civil or military applications, such as spectroscopy in the atmospheric transparency windows (3 – 5 µm and 8 – 12 µm ranges), require the use of mid-infrared emitting laser sources.The work presented in this thesis is about light generation in the 3 – 5 µm range by parametric amplification (four-wave mixing) in fluoride and chalcogenide fibers. The first part of the study is devoted to modelizations of phase-matching condition and parametric gain in monomode step-index ZBLAN fluoride fibers as well as As2S3 and As2Se3 chalcogenide fibers. The results obtained in this modelization led to the theoretical study of multimode phase-matching conditions in chalcogenide fibers.The second part of the study presents the modelization of parametric amplification in hexagonal microstructured chalcogenide fibers. A simplified model, called the effective index method (EIM), has been developed and compared to the finite element method. Thanks to this comparison, the accuracy of the EIM model was improved through the determination of several empirical parameters. Using the improved EIM model, we have been able to predict the parametric amplification efficiency in microstructured fibers. Thus, all those theoretical studies allowed us to identify the most adapted fibers for frequency conversion in the 3 – 5 µm range. Eventually, we realized an experimental bench to measure the chromatic dispersion of optical fibers, and we suggested an experimental architecture using the fibers we had indentified in the theoretical study. ; De nombreuses applications militaires ou civiles, telles que la spectroscopie dans les bandes de transmission de l'atmosphère (bandes 3-5µm et 8-12µm), nécessitent de disposer de sources émettant dans le moyen infrarouge (IR). Les travaux de cette thèse portent sur la génération de rayonnement dans la bande 3-5µm par amplification paramétrique (mélange à quatre ondes) dans les fibres optiques en verres fluorés et en verres de chalcogénures. La première partie de ce travail a été consacrée à l'étude ...