Suchergebnisse

The career selection process is a very important decisionin every student's life. Many factors are affecting before thetaking a decision on their future career. In this study, the researcher wants toinvestigate the influence of respondents' parental cultural capital of selectedareas. Some other factors like; the profession of their parents, their residenceand the income of their family on the career selection process of 320students of tertiary level education from the government sector graduatecolleges of District Layyah. In this study, the researcher also investigatedthose students who are studying in the B.S. program; either they are in theirown will, or they faced some external forces with selecting this field of study.For this proposal, the data was collected through a questionnaire. The resultsshow the parents influence as most significant in the career selection processof the students at the higher education level. It is recommended that parentsequally mobilize their resources, such as social and cultural capital, to theirchildren. This will help them make wise career decisions.

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to analyse the relation between stock market volatility and macroeconomic fundamentals for G-7 countries using monthly data over the period from July 1985 to June 2015.Design/methodology/approachThe empirical methodology is based on two steps: in the first step, the authors obtain the conditional volatilities of stock market returns and macroeconomic variables through the GARCH family of models. The authors also incorporate the impact of early 2000s dotcom and the global financial crises. In the second step, the authors estimate multivariate vector autoregressive model to analyze the dynamic relation between stock markets return and macroeconomic variables.FindingsThe overall results for G-7 countries indicate a weak volatility transmission from macroeconomic factors to stock market volatility at individual level but the collective impact of volatility transmission is highly significant. Although, the results of block exogeneity indicate a bidirectional causality except UK, but the causal linkage is quite weak from stock market to macroeconomic variables. Moreover, the local financial variables excluding interest rate are closely integrated, and the volatility of industrial production growth and oil price are identified as the most significant macroeconomic factors that could possibly influence the directions of stock markets.Originality/valueThis research establishes the nature of the links between stock market and macroeconomic volatility. Research to date has been unable to satisfactorily establish the empirical nature of such links. The authors believe this paper begins to do this.

For many decades, the women of Pakistan are suffering from the issue of gender disparity and despite certain legislations to strengthen the women, the issue could not be resolved. The Global Gender Gap Index Report 2020 ranked Pakistan 3rd worst,151 out of 153 developing countries following by Yemen and Iraq. This situation thus, leads that there are some major flaws in the existing cultural system and in the education of religion due to which the issue has become a dilemma for both, the state and the society. In this context, this study aims to analyze the issue in the light of the Qur'an, the Sunnah (pbuh) and the sociocultural context of Pakistan. After a thorough investigation, this study found cultural rigidity, illiteracy, and lack of scientific understanding of the relevant provisions of the Qur'an and Sunnah (pbuh), major contributors in the development of gender disparity. This research, thus, recommends an overhauling of the system of education, and study of the Qur'an and Sunnah (pbuh) in the light of the changed sociological context which would lead to the reformation of the rigid culture and would improve the issue of gender disparity.

This study investigates the intricate relationship between external debt, debt service, and economic growth by using the panel data of 32 Asian Developing Economies (ADE) spanning 1995 to 2020. Employing a two-step system generalized method of moments (GMM) and a dynamic common correlated estimate (DCCE) model, the research explores key macroeconomic channels through which debt influences growth and rigorously tests for debt overhang and crowding-out effects. Findings reveal that public and private investment, total factor productivity, and national savings are pivotal channels transmitting the non-linear effect of external debt on economic growth. Notably, only private and public investment convey the non-linear effects of debt service to economic growth, while productivity and savings convey the linear effect. Evidence of debt overhang and crowding-out effects is identified in the sampled economies. The study suggests strategic measures for developing countries, emphasizing the productive use of accumulated debt, enhanced debt management, and timely project completion. Furthermore, it advocates for fostering economic growth through increased productivity, domestic savings, and private sector expansion to reduce dependence on foreign debt, facilitating both debt repayment and economic self-sufficiency.

Management in education cannot be exaggerated as without good management of available resources, the objective of a standard education cannot be achieved. Effective management is very important to accomplish the national educational objectives. The purpose of this research work was to investigate the effects of the democratic managerial style of principals regarding the school environment. Beside the multiple parameters of measuring the effects of the democratic managerial style on the school environment, the study focused only the conducive environment in democratic management style for teachers. Population of the study constituted all secondary school teachers (male and female) of district level. In this regard, only one district i.e., district Narowal was taken to choose the respondents of the study. The secondary school teachers i.e., total 200(100 male and 100 female) were selected as sample of the study, using stratified sampling technique from boys and girls schools respectively. A self-made questionnaire, consisting ten items, was utilized as an exploration instrument for the accumulation of the data from the secondary school teachers. Reliability was also checked before applying the questionnaire to the teachers. SPSS (software package for statistical analysis) was used to interpret the results collected after the circulation of questionnaires. After gathering of the information, it was arranged and investigated by utilizing Chi Square and checked noteworthiness of the announcement at alpha worth0.05 level of significance. It was concluded that democratic managerial style of head teachers increases the motivational level of teachers that has positive effect on the teaching learning process.

This study emphasizes the utility and concerns of China Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) on various sectors of Pakistan's economy through the lens of real stakeholders. Specifically, this study focuses on three aspects: the beneficiary of CPEC; CPEC's effects on employment, GDP, foreign direct investment and personal income in Pakistan; and the concerns regarding Pakistan's sovereignty. A qualitative research approach was adopted to explore the objectives of the study. To analyze these aspect, in-depth interviews from different Pakistan's business community are conducted. Our study finds that CPEC will not only beneficial for both Pakistan and China, but also for other neighbouring countries in the region. To validate these findings, interviewee's data is analyzed in the light of semantic analysis approach. Our study illustrates that, the development along the corridor will produce employment opportunities that will raise the income level of a common person of Pakistan, and the industrial growth in Pakistan through CPEC will have a positive effect on the country's GDP. Our study also concludes that CPEC doesn't pose any threat to Pakistan's sovereignty. The stakeholders of CPEC are concerned over the intentions of Pakistan government; that need to be clarified. This research study also suggests the maximum benefits out of this mega venture.

Purpose This study investigates the impact of geopolitical risk (GPR) on foreign remittances (FRs) for the top remittance-receiving countries.Design/methodology/approach The sample includes Mexico, France, Egypt, China, the Philippines, India, Vietnam, Ukraine, Germany and Belgium for the annual period of 1998–2022 using the nonlinear panel autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) model to determine the asymmetry in the relationship.Findings The results suggest that, in the short term, positive GPR shocks have a positive and significant impact on FRs received. On the other hand, the long-run results suggest that adverse GPR shocks negatively affect FRs received in the sampled countries. Additionally, the study confirms the asymmetric impact of GPR on top remittances received in countries.Research limitations/implications The policymakers, migrants and recipients should consider the asymmetric nature of GPR while making decisions regarding policies and the transfer of remittances. This information can be used to create more effective policies for controlling and reducing the effects of GPR on overseas remittances, such as assisting migrant workers and developing methods to lessen the volatility of these flows.Originality/value Acknowledging the potential fluctuations and uncertainties associated with GPR is crucial to make informed choices regarding remittance-related matters.