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On the 125th birth anniversary of Dr B. R. Ambedkar, this essay acknowledges the great leader's life, vision and contributions to the cause of marginalized humanity in India. It attempts to examine Ambedkar's agenda for social reform and his efforts towards the empowerment of the abused caste and gender categories through intense satyagraha (a form of nonviolent resistance), widespread education and supportive state laws. The article concludes with a review of caste and gender issues in the present times and argues for the need to revamp the education system. This essay begins with Ambedkar's early life and education facilitated by the patronage of the philanthropic reformer and King of Baroda Province, Maharaja Sayajirao Gaekwad III. Second, it examines Ambedkar's endeavours to educate and empower the women and depressed castes of India through his research, scholarship and rewritings of the Indian social history. And third, the essay attempts to understand the concept of the untouchable Dalit as a category that comes close to the Greek phenomenon of the homo sacer—a Greek concept synonymous with the rational of the Dalit/Ati-shudra. Through the ancient concept of the homo sacer, Giorgio Agamben explores agencies that conspire to draft, long-drawn statements of abuse and exploitation of the ostracized social and political underdog.

Background: Reproductive health of women has been the central agenda of Cairo conference since its inception in 1999. As a signatory country for Cairo Conference, Nepal government is also committed for reproductive rights for Nepalese women. Despite this, reproductive health challenges do exist in Nepal. This prompted us to determine the reproductive health status of married women attending in cervical cancer screening in Kath­mandu. Methods: Cross sectional study was designed to include retrospective data of married women, obtained during cervical cancer screening camp conducted by KIST Medical College at Laga Khala Clinic, Lagan, Kathmandu on 12-02- 2017. Among married women (131) attended cervical 100 wom­en's records with complete set of data for reproductive health variables required for the study were included in this study. Statistical analysis was done descriptively. Results: Participant's age is between 21 years to 61 years, 83% are liter­ate and 46% are employed. Adolescence marriage and pregnancy were two main problems noted. Cervical examination in relation showed 3% (3) VIA positive, 33% (33) Cervicitis, 10% (10) cervical polyp, 7% (7) atrophic vaginitis, 4% (4) cervical erosion and 43% (43) healthy cervix. Regarding Knowledge about risk factor majority 92% (92) had either no knowledge or only some extent of knowledge. Conclusions: Married women who lives in Kathmandu has significant re­productive health problem. Urban health program should address these issues.

Introduction: Around 25% of the total population in Nepal is adolescents (10 to 19 years old). Nutritional programs in Nepal are targeted to young children and pregnant women but neglected among adolescent. Such approach may result poor nutritional status among them. This will lead topoor health outcome and poor academic performance among school children. Thus we aimed tostudy the nutritional status assessment of adolescent school children in Solukhumbu.Material and Methods: It was a cross sectional study conducted over a period of two and halfmonths (May-July 2018) in a government school at Salleri, Solukhumbu, Nepal. Study participantsare 192 students, both male and female, from the age group 10 to 17 years old. Body Mass Indexand Height for age was determined by anthropometry. The interview was done by using structured questionnairesto elicit socio-demographic variables.Results: Among 192 students age 10-17 years old, 122(63.5%) were female and 70(36.5%) weremale. The majority was Janajati 160(83.3%), Major religion was Hindu 99(51.6%) and Buddhist93(43.2%), Agriculture was the major occupation of both parents. The literacy rate of the father is 63.2%and mother is 39.9 percent. The majority are underweight 53(27.6%), overweight 11 (5.7%) andobese 3(1.6%). Median Height for Age was 94 (±6.5) with a minimum of 76 and a maximum of 112 and99(51.6%) are stunted.Conclusions: Stunting, underweight and overweight were prevalent among adolescent children inthe school. The causes of these problems should be identified by doing further research and interventionshould be done accordingly.