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AbstractSole mothers potentially experience greater difficulties in meeting the challenges of combining employment and family than do partnered mothers, although there is remarkably little research on the work–family interface of sole mothers. A systematic review of quantitative literature on employed mothers is presented in this article to provide a case for further research on sole employed mothers, in particular for more comparative studies with partnered mothers. Conservation‐of‐resources theory is proposed as a theoretical framework for exploring these differences, research propositions are offered, and the implications of future research are discussed.

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to identify work-to-family profiles in working mothers, test whether profiles differ between sole and partnered mothers, and examine whether the work-to-family profiles are associated with burnout.Design/methodology/approachData on work-to-family conflict (WFC), work-to-family enrichment (WFE), burnout, and relevant socio-demographic covariates were collected via a self-report online survey. Latent profile analysis on WFC and WFE items was used to identify profiles in 179-sole and 857-partnered mothers in paid employment. Regression analyses were performed to examine whether profiles were associated with burnout.FindingsFive distinct work-to-family profiles were identified: Harmful, Negative Active, Active, Beneficial, and Fulfilled. Profile membership differed significantly between sole and partnered mothers, with sole mothers more likely to be in the harmful profile. The five profiles had differing implications for burnout.Practical implicationsWFC and WFE can co-occur, and have differing implications for health and well-being. It is important to consider both WFC and WFE when addressing employee burnout. Furthermore, sole mothers may need greater assistance in reducing WFC and increasing WFE in order to minimize burnout.Originality/valueThis study contributes to existing research by demonstrating differences in work-to-family profiles between sole and partnered mothers, and highlights the need for future research on diverse family types.