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9 pags., 7 figs., 2 tabs. ; Semi-transparent solar cells are the next step for photovoltaics into our daily life. Over the last years, kesterite-type material has attracted a special attention to be used as an absorber in thin-film solar cells because of its low toxicity and earth abundant constituents. Here, Cu2ZnGeSe4 (CZGSe) thin films are grown by co-evaporation and subsequent annealing at a maximum temperature of 480 ◦C or 525 ◦C onto Mo/V2O5/FTO/glass stacks. The goal of this work is to investigate the influence of the annealing temperature on the composition, morphology, vibrational properties, and transmittance of CZGSe layers, the formation of secondary phases, and distribution of elements within the absorber layer as well as on the optoelectronic properties of the corresponding solar cell devices. Raising the annealing temperature to 525 ◦C leads to a more uniform distribution of Cu, Zn, Ge and Se throughout the absorber layer, a reduction of the presence of the GeSe2 secondary phase, which is mainly detected at 480 ◦C, a larger grain size and the formation of a thicker MoSe2 layer at the CZGSe/back contact interface. The strategy of increasing the annealing temperature allows for improved J–V characteristics and higher spectral response resulting in an enhanced device performance of 5.3% compared to 4.2% when using 525 ◦C and 480 ◦C, respectively. Both absorber layers present an optical band gap energy of 1.47 eV. Furthermore, higher annealing temperature has beneficial effect to the CZGSe-based devices without losses in total transmitted light because of the higher diffuse transmittance. This work shows first promising semi-transparent CZGSe-based solar cells possibly open up new routes of applications. ; This work was supported by Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities Project WINCOST (ENE2016-80788-C5-2-R), Project RTI (2018-096498-B-I00, AEI/MICINN/ERDF) and European Project INFINITE CELL (H2020-MSCA-RISE-2017-777968). Authors from IREC belong to the SEMS (Solar EnergyMaterials and Systems) Consolidated Research Group of the 'Generalitat de Catalunya' (Ref 2017 SGR 862).MG and MP acknowledge the financial support from Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities within the Juan de la Cierva (IJC2018-038199-I) and Ramón y Cajal (RYC-2017-23758) Fellowships respectively. MGP also acknowledges funding from AEI/MICINN (PTA2019-016763-I). The authors acknowledge the service from the MiNa Laboratory at IMN-CSIC, and funding from CM (project S2018/NMT-4291 TEC2SPACE), MINECO (project CSIC13-4E-1794) and European Union (FEDER, FSE). ; Peer reviewed

Semi-transparent solar cells are the next step for photovoltaics into our daily life. Over the last years, kesterite-type material has attracted a special attention to be used as an absorber in thin-film solar cells because of its low toxicity and earth abundant constituents. Here, Cu2ZnGeSe4 (CZGSe)thin films are grown by co-evaporation and subsequent annealing at a maximum temperature of 480 ºC or 525 ºC onto Mo/V2O5/FTO/glass stacks. The goal of this work is to investigate the influence of the annealing temperature on the composition, morphology, vibrational properties, and transmittance of CZGSe layers, the formation of secondary phases, and distribution of elements within the absorber layer as well as on the optoelectronic properties of the corresponding solar cell devices. Raising the annealing temperature to 525 ºC leads to a more uniform distribution of Cu, Zn, Ge and Se throughout the absorber layer, a reduction of the presence of the GeSe2 secondary phase, which is mainly detected at 480 ºC, a larger grain size and the formation of a thicker MoSe2 layer at the CZGSe/back contact interface. The strategy of increasing the annealing temperature allows for improved J–V characteristics and higher spectral response resulting in an enhanced device performance of 5.3% compared to 4.2% when using 525 ºC and 480 ºC, respectively. Both absorber layers present an optical band gap energy of 1.47 eV. Furthermore, higher annealing temperature has beneficial effect to the CZGSe-based devices without losses in total transmitted light because of the higher diffuse transmittance. This work shows first promising semi-transparent CZGSe-based solar cells possibly open up new routes of applications ; This work was supported by Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities Project WINCOST (ENE201680788-C5-2-R), -Project RTI (2018-096498-B-I00, AEI/MICINN/ERDF) and European Project INFINITE CELL (H2020-MSCA-RISE-2017-777968). Authors from IREC belong to the SEMS (Solar Energy Materials and Systems) Consolidated Research Group of the 'Generalitat de Catalunya' (Ref 2017 SGR 862). MGP also acknowledges funding from AEI/MICINN (PTA2019-016763-I). The authors acknowledge the service from the MiNa Laboratory at IMN-CSIC, and funding from CM (project S2018/NMT-4291 TEC2SPACE), MINECO (project CSIC13-4E-1794) and European Union (FEDER, FSE)

This work has been published in in Solar RRL 2020, 4, 2000141 (DOI:10.1002/solr.202000141). Quasi-one-dimensional chalcogenides are under the spotlight due to their unique properties for several technological applications including computing, photonic, sensing and energy conversion. In particular, antimony chalcogenides have recently experienced incredible progresses as emerging photovoltaic materials. In this work, the fabrication by a sequential process of Sb2Se3 solar cells is addressed, and the annealing temperature is found as the main parameter controlling the composition of the Se-rich absorbers. Building on this, a systematic study of the evolution of the optolectronic parameters of the solar cells as a function of the Se excess is presented together with a thourough characterization of the devices that sheds light on their main limiting factors. A record power conversion efficiency of 5.7% is achieved, the highest reported value using reactive annealing on a metallic precursor for this material. ; This project has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie grant agreement No 712949 (TECNIOspring PLUS) and the Government of Catalonia's Agency for Business Competitiveness (ACCIÓ). This research has also been supported by the H2020 Programme under the project INFINITE-CELL (grant no. H2020-MSCA-RISE-2017-777968), by the DURACIS project from the SOLARERANET International program (subproject ref. PCIN-2017-041 funded by Spanish MINECO), by the Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities under the WINCOST (grant no. ENE2016-80788-C5-1-R), and by the European Regional Development Funds (ERDF, FEDER Programa Competitivitat