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Dear Readers,
It is the great honor for us to publish eighth volume, second issue of Global Journal of Sociology: Current Issues (GJSOC).
Global Journal of Sociology: Current Issues welcomes original empirical investigations and comprehensive literature review articles focusing on sociological issues. The scope of the journal, but is not limited to the following major topics as child, youth and old age, communication and art, culture and changes, deviance and social control, economy and development, education, ethnic relations, human rights and collective good, gender and human rights, identity, image and social cohesion, localization and globalization, organizations, professions and work, political sociology and law issues, social security and public health, sociology of marriage and family, sociology of population and migration, sociology of religion, collective behavior and social movements and theoretical, comparative and historical studies.
A total number of fifteen (15) manuscripts were submitted for this issue and each paper has been subjected to double-blind peer review process by the reviewers specialized in the related field. At the end of the review process, a total number of four (4) high quality research papers were selected and accepted for publication.
We present many thanks to all the contributors who helped us to publish this issue.
Best regards,
Prof. Dr. Mustafa Gunduz

Editor – in Chief

Dear Readers It is the great honor for us to publish seventh issue of Global Journal of Sociology The journal welcomes original empirical investigations. The scope of the Global Journal of Sociology includes, but is not limited to; the following major topics as Child, Youth and Old Age, Communication and Art, Culture and Changes, Deviance and Social Control, Economy and Development, Education, Ethnic Relations, Human Rights and Collective Good, Gender and Human Rights, Identity, Image and Social Cohesion, Localization and Globalization, Organizations, Professions and Work, Political Sociology and Law Issues, Social Security and Public Health, Sociology of Marriage and Family, Sociology of Population and Migration, Sociology of Religion, Collective Behavior and Social Movements and Theoretical, Comparative and Historical Studies. Post position and local autonomy have been included into this issue. The topics of the next issue will be different. You can make sure that we will be trying to serve you with our journal with a rich knowledge in which different kinds of topics are discussed in 2015 Volume. A total of five (5) manuscripts were submitted for this issue and each paper has been rigor peer reviewed by the reviewers specialized in the related field. At the end of the review process, a total of two (2) high quality research papers were selected and accepted for publication. We thank all the contributors who helped us to publish this issue. Best regard Dr. Mustafa GündüzEditor – in Chief

Examines how human rights in Turkey conform to European Union (EU) standards & what reforms are needed for compliance. It is maintained that Turkey has tried to live up to its constitution, which guarantees a multitude of freedoms & human rights that are comparable to those in most European countries. However, a preponderance of terrorist activities over the last 30 years has made it hard for Turkey to satisfy its human rights' international obligations. Ways human rights doctrines can hinder the effective functioning of a state are described, & relations between Turkey & the EU since 1963 are traced, noting that Turkey has not fulfilled the political element of the Copenhagen criteria. Various cases are described to argue that the European Commission of Human Rights has exhibited a bias against Turkey. Areas that have raised questions in the EU include the relationship between Turkey's military & civilian authorities; the dubious independence of the judiciary; constitutional prohibitions against ethnic/religious political parties; & Turkey's treatment of the Kurdish minority. J. Lindroth

Cover -- Contents -- I. Introduction -- II. Hypotheses -- III. Empirical Methodology -- A. Identification of Debt Distress Episodes -- B. Explanatory Variables -- C. Econometric Specification -- IV. Results -- A. Estimation Results: Benchmark Specifications -- B. Goodness of Fit -- C. The Threshold Probability Analysis -- D. Marginal Effects of Explanatory Variables on the Probability of Debt Distress -- V. Concluding Remarks -- References -- Appendix I. PPG External Debt Thresholds in the IMF-World Bank Debt Sustainability Framework -- Appendix II. External Debt Distress Episodes and the Identification Criteria -- Appendix III. Variables Used in the Probit Regressions -- Appendix IV. Standard Deviations of Policy Variables in the MI Index -- Appendix V. The List of Countries -- Appendix VI. Indicators of Model Fit for the KN regressions -- Figures -- 1. Identification of Normal Episodes -- 2. Threshold Probability Analysis -- 3. Model I: Counterfactual Simulations-Effects of Explanatory Variables on the Probability of Debt Distress -- Tables -- 1. Estimation Results: Determinants of Probability of Debt Distress in LICs (PV of PPG external debt/GDP) -- 2. Marginal Effects of Explanatory Variables on Crisis Probability (Benchmark 1) -- 3. Marginal Effects of Explanatory Variables on Crisis Probability (Benchmark 2) -- 4. Estimation Results: Determinants of Probability of Debt Distress in LICs (PV of PPG external debt/exports) -- 5. Estimation Results: Determinants of Probability of Debt Distress in LICs (PPG external debt service/exports) -- 6. Predicted Probabilities (Percentiles), (PV of PPG external debt/GDP) -- 7. Predicted Probabilities (Percentiles), (PV of PPG external debt/exports) -- 8. Predicted Probabilities (Percentiles), (PPG external debt service/exports) -- 9. Threshold Probabilities and Model Fit Across Different Specifications.

Turkey's ruling party has turned the country, which it calls 'the new Turkey,' into a capitalist nightmare: a triad of neoliberal economics, political despotism, and Islamist conservatism. This article provides an overview of neoliberalism in Turkey, then looks at the government's extraction policies, highlighting the Soma mine massacre as one tragic example of the destructive policies of the governing party, the Adalet ve Kalkinma Partisi (AKP, Justice and Development Party). It also examines the extreme authoritarianism of Pres Recep Tayyip Erdogan (formerly prime minister), and the growing cultural-religious conservatism, which the AKP has interlaced with Islamist rhetoric. This hegemonic triad of neoliberalism, despotism, and conservatism is an especially dangerous one. However, it is being increasingly criticized, and resistance movements against neoliberal policies are growing. All of this gives some hope for Turkey's future. Turkey used to be an agriculture powerhouse -- one of only seven countries that could feed its people without agricultural imports. Adapted from the source document.

The history of migration is as old as the history of humanity. Since the very beginnings humans have migrated to build a new, more hopeful existence somewhere else. Today migrants often break away from their home countries as a consequence of warfare, political repression, or severe poverty. Driving the feminization of migration are global social and demographic trends in developed countries such as aging populations in general and the elderly in specific, and the growing number of women in paid labor (over 50% overall, and close to 70% of women in some developed countries). This all contributes to the increasing demand for care work -- in sectors like health, nursing, food service, hotels, housework, and care for children, elderly, or ill people. Not only do many employers explicitly seek foreign women, specific nationalities are often sought-after, such as Filipinos. Sometimes migrants with undocumented status are preferred, since this increases employers' control and power over them. Adapted from the source document.

Critically examines issues related to water access. Discussion opens with a look at neoliberalism, the impact of water privatization, & the UN perspective on water. Attention is then given to the link between water predicaments & global inequalities & gender discrimination. Human rights implications are considered. D. Edelman