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Rising protectionism has recently become an increasing concern amongst a number of trade economists and policymakers. At the 2017 G20 Hamburg summit, G20 leaders agreed to fight protectionism includ-ing all unfair trade practices. However, the language of the final decla-ration on trade was weak and ambiguous. It did not suggest any promis-ing way forward. Although international organizations and fora including the World Trade Organization (WTO) have made an effort to fight against protectionism, we have yet to see much progress. It has become more common these days to see domestic politics win over global agenda.

PurposeProposing an integrated model based on multiple theoretical approaches, such as the theory of planned behavior, the model of goal-directed behavior and self-determination theory, the purpose of this paper is to examine factors influencing college students' campus recycling intention and actual recycling behavior.Design/methodology/approachAn online survey method was used to test the proposed model with college students. A total of 434 students participated in the survey.FindingsThis study found that self-determined motivation, attitude toward recycling, perceived behavioral control and negative anticipated emotion had direct effects on campus recycling intention, while recycling intention and self-determined motivation influenced students' actual campus recycling behavior.Research limitations/implicationsThe findings of the study may not be generalizable to the broader population. Respondents' self-reported assessment of their recycling behaviors may also be a drawback of the study. However, the study provides statistical evidence testing the proposed model of campus recycling.Practical implicationsThe study's findings provide communication planners for university recycling and sustainability departments with communication and message strategies to enhance college students' recycling behavior.Originality/valueThe study proposes a more comprehensive, tailored model that integrates other compelling theoretical models, to address college students' sustainability engagement on campus.

Using the coorientation model, this study examines the views of leading U.S. corporations and charitable organizations about types of relationships between corporate donors and charities that receive corporate contributions. Results of the national expert survey show that both corporate giving officers and senior fundraisers of charitable organizations perceive the relationship as more communal than either one-way patronizing or two-way exchange. Findings from the coorientation analysis illustrate that the two groups are in a state of consensus on the patronizing and communal relationship types while a state of false consensus exists on the exchange relationship type; that is, charities wrongly assume that corporate donors desire a relationship based on the dominant characteristic of solid exchange or quid pro quo.

Using data from a national survey conducted in the United States, we examined factors affecting tablet computer users' intention to purchase mobile applications, using an extended model based on the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology. Participants were 316 tablet users,
who completed measures of performance expectancy, effort expectancy, social influence, facilitating conditions, perceived enjoyment, perceived mobility, perceived interactivity, and purchase intention. The results suggested that expectations of the effort required and social influence helped
to explain tablet computer users' intention to purchase mobile applications. Further, perceived enjoyment and perceived interactivity tended to increase intention to purchase tablet computer applications. These results imply that many tablet users perceive tablet computers as multimedia and
entertainment devices.