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The government has arranged regulations to establish the implementation of pharmaceutical care standard by pharmacists, such as Kepmenkes No. 1027/2004 about Standards of Pharmaceutical Care in Pharmacy. The government also issued a higher level of regulation, that is PP. 51/2009 about Pharmaceutical Practice. This study is aimed to observe the implementation for pharmaceutical care standard by pharmacist in Sleman Regency and determine the indicators of pharmacy services which have (not) been implemented by the pharmacist. Non experimental-quantitative and descriptive analysis were used in this study. The population were pharmacists practicing at the pharmacy in Sleman Regency. There were 35 pharmacists as sample, being determined by proportional random sampling. The data was collected by using questionnaire which was filled in by respondents, includes seven indicators of the implementation of pharmaceutical care based on PP No. 51/2009 and Kepmenkes No. 1027/2004. The data analysis was interpreted into categories, that are those with the percentage score of 81-100% as good category, 61-80% as adequate category and ≤ 60% as lacking category. The results showed the most optimum implemented indicator from the seven indicators according to the ranking, as follows indicator of workforce with the score of 95.24%, Supporting Factors of 91.10% and drug management of 81.90%. Those three indicators were categorized as good. While indicator of drug services with the score of 78.70%, administration of 77.62%, communication, information and education of 76.80% and evaluation of service quality 71.29%, were categorized as adequate. Among the 35 respondents, the results of the evaluation of standards implementation based on all indicators was 65.71% categorized as good category, 31.43% as adequate and only 2.86% as the lacking ones.Keywords : Implementation, Pharmaceutical Care, Pharmacy, Sleman

Indonesia Health Ministrial Decree No. 1027/2004 has been published as a standard of quality assurance in pharmaceutical care provided by pharmacist. As the time goes by, the newest regulation has been provided by government through PP No. 51/2009 to legitimate pharmacists in their responsibility as role player in pharmaceutical care. The implementation of this policy, however, is still unknown yet and needs to be further evaluated. The study aimed to evaluate the pharmaceutical care standard implementation by pharmacist according to this regulation. This research involved pharmacists in 32 pharmacies in Bantul as respondents. These pharmacies was selected by proportional random from the total of 108 pharmacies in 16 district of Bantul Residence. The data was collected through questionnaire and analized descriptively according to indicators; administration; drug and prescription service; communication, information, and education, inventory control management, human resources, supporting facilities, and evaluation of service quality. The result was categorized as good if total score persentation 81-100%, adequate if total score persentation 61-80%, and less if total score persentation ≤60%. The study result showed that generally the pharmaceutical care standard has not been well implemented in Bantul Residence. There were 18 pharmacies (56.25%) in the good category, 13 pharmacies (40.63%) in the adequate category, and 1 pharmacy (3.13%) in the less category. The indicators that have been well implemented were supporting facilities indicator (88.95%), human resources indicator (887.67%), inventory control management (82.29%). Other indicators including Communiation, Information, and Education (75.63%), administration (68.23%), and drug and prescription service (64.95%) were in the less category.Keywords: Pharmaceutical Care Standard, Kepmenkes No. 1027/2004, PP No. 51/2009, Bantul Residence

The impact of not implementing good pharmacy service activities are the possiblility of medication errors in the pharmaceutical care process (Depkes, 2014). In fact, most hospitals do not perform pharmaceutical care activities as expected, given some constraints such as the ability of pharmacy, limited knowledge of the hospital management in functions of hospital pharmacy, policy of the hospital management, and the limited knowledge of the relevant parties about hospital pharmacy service. Peraturan Menteri Kesehatan Republik Indonesia nomor 58 Tahun 2014 appeared as a pharmaceutical care standard. This study aims to determine differences of the implementation of pharmaceutical care standard with potential medication errors prescriptions in Government and Private Hospitals in the city of Semarang. The methode used is quasi experiment time approach. The sampling technique used is purposive sampling on an outpatient prescriptions. Subjects were the outpatient prescription in government and private hospitals in Semarang. The analysis used in this study were bivariate analysis Chi square test results obtained administrative requirements x2count = 103,793 and p = 0.000, pharmaceutical requirements showed x2 count = 53,231 and p = 0.000, clinical requirements obtained x2 count = 259,515 and p = 0.000. Based on the three requirements medication errors in prior implementation of pharmaceutical care standard periods was significantly different to the classification of goverment and private hospitals.

The Care Standards Act 2000 is designed to regulate and improve the management of residential care homes and other services. It provides a legislative framework for good practice, testing quality and enforceable minimum standards. In practice, its introduction has been difficult and providers have been closing homes. This article looks at the practical consequences for providers and identifies the positive and negative effects.

Standard of Care applies to all conduct of all persons in all realms of activity. It is concerned with the acceptable activity of a practitioner in providing care for a patient. Failure to adhere to a minimum standard renders the practitioner liable for malpractice and negligence. Standards are affected by two factors, those within the profession via scientific research and development, and those external to it, namely government, administrative organizations, the courts and the doctor-patient "contract". Each of these factors directly impact upon the delivery and/or alterations in the Standards of Care. It is imperative that the doctor realize that a failure to adhere to the Standard may result in action being taken by the above groups. Further, doctors must be aware that Standards are a volatile concept, changing as rapidly as the daily judgements eminating from the courtrooms, as new discoveries are introduced and as recognized by specialized groups. Maintaining current Standards ensure excellence in both professional practices and patient care.

AbstractIn the 1950s and early 1960s, Harry Benjamin and his colleague Elmer Belt corresponded at length about which transsexuals they would and would not approve for genital surgery. Benjamin defined transsexuality primarily through a desire for medical transition, but merely being a transsexual in this definition did not automatically result in surgical eligibility. Benjamin and Belt remained preoccupied with the possibility that transsexuals would regret their surgeries and seek legal or personal revenge, and thus their assessments of who should have surgery focused more on the possibility of a bad outcome than adherence to gender norms or classification as transsexual. The informal clinical practices they worked out to protect themselves in these early years of American trans medicine would ultimately go on to structure more formalized Standards of Care. Benjamin and Belt's fears, and their resulting decision-making processes, thus played a crucial role in the production of the category "transsexual." Throughout their correspondence and clinical practice, the transsexual emerged as a threat to medical providers, and a subject incapable of making their own bodily decisions, needing to be protected from themselves. While assessments of gender identity and gendered behavior factored into these decisions, their decisions about who might regret transition treated gender as primarily practical and functional, and made an unshakable internal gender identity a necessary but insufficient criterion for granting a patient access to surgery.

Objectives: To develop quality control standard operating procedures (SOPs) and to highlight the importance of implementation and use of these SOPs in the pharmaceutical industry. Method: A pharmaceutical company, Aurobindo (Swift services), was regularly visited three times per week over a five-month period. The visits consisted of familiarisation visits followed by visits for induction and specific training. A set of SOPs were selected, developed and implemented. Key findings: Nine SOPs were developed and implemented. Seven SOPs were developed using a simple format and two SOP s were developed in the form of flow chart. The average time taken to carry out a procedure was recorded and included in eight SOPs. Conclusion: SOPs are tools which when followed correctly ensure the consistency of a process. This is important in the pharmaceutical industry to achieve high standards of quality. Inclusion of the time taken to carry out a procedure gives an indication to the user whether the task was carried out as expected. ; peer-reviewed