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"In coming decades, China will undergo a notable demographic transformation, with its old-age dependency ratio doubling to 24 percent by 2030 and rising even more precipitously thereafter. This paper uses the permanent income hypothesis to reassess national savings behavior, with greater prominence and more careful consideration given to the role played by changing demography. We use a forward-looking and dynamic approach that considers the entire population distribution. We find that this not only holds up well empirically but may also be superior to the static dependency ratios typically employed in the literature. Going further, we simulate global savings behavior based on our framework and find that China's demographics should have induced a negative current account in the 2000s and a positive one in the 2010s given the rising share of prime savers, only turning negative around 2045. The opposite is true for the United States and Western Europe. The observed divergence in current account outcomes from the simulated path appears to have been partly policy induced. Over the next couple of decades, individual countries' convergence toward the simulated savings pattern will be influenced by their past divergences and future policy choices. Other implications arising from China's demography, including the growth model, the pension system, the labor market, and the public finances are also briefly reviewed"--Abstract

Some phenomena that occur in the present day may have also occurred a long time ago. In this study, we examined the relationship between education attainment and late marriage in modern society as well as in ancient China. To this end, we analyzed demographic data reported by 2010 Census statistics and data recorded by historical documents of Chinese dynasties. We concluded that the current delay in the age at marriage has historical roots, as late marriage in the Song Dynasty era and today's society have a common cause—namely, education, which impacts the age that people choose to marry.

Die empirisch orientierte Studie zur demographischen Entwicklung der VR China im Zeitraum von 1950 bis 1982 gibt (unter Berücksichtigung verschiedener Aspekte und Korrelationen) einen Überblick über die Entwicklung der Geburten-, Heirats- und Sterberaten. (BIOst-Klk)

Foreword -- Measuring the Present -- Envisioning and Anticipating the Future -- Accommodating the Future -- Evaluating Data Quality -- Preface -- Contents -- Part I: Demographic Information for Decision-Making: Case Studies -- Chapter 1: Demographics and Market Segmentation: China and India -- 1.1 Introduction -- 1.2 China and India: Demographics and Socioeconomic Characteristics -- 1.3 Literature Review -- 1.4 Data and Methods -- 1.5 Household Budget Expenditures and Allocations: China and India 2005 -- 1.6 Urban Household Expenditure on Food and Durables: Income Segmentation

Everyone has heard of Attila and his Huns, who fought their way on pony back from the northern borders of China to the lands today called France, where they were defeated in 453 CE. Theirs was only the first of a series of migrations from central Asia that repeatedly reshaped the Christian and Islamic world over the next thousand years, and the conquests of their successors, though less famous, were more enduring. Akatzirs and Avars; Bulgars, Khazars, and Kök Türks; Ogurs, Onogurs (with their allies the Hungarians), Quturgurs, and Uturgurs; Polovtsy, Pechenegs, Qumans, and Sabirs; and of course, the Mongols: these and many other of the diverse peoples whomscholars today assign to the semi-geographic, semi-ethnic, and semi-linguistic category of Altaic or Turkic, all left Central Asia for destinations that eventually encompassed vast expanses of Europe, Asia, Asia Minor, and even Africa (the Mamluks of Egypt).

Intro -- Contents -- 1 Ethnic Population Studies: Discourse, Methodology, and Theoretical Framework -- 1.1 Introduction -- 1.1.1 Ethnic Demography: Theoretical Traditions -- 1.1.2 Demographic Anthropology: An Interdisciplinary Perspective -- 1.2 Discourse -- 1.2.1 Demography -- 1.2.2 Ethnology -- 1.2.3 Redefining Ethnic Demography -- 1.3 Theoretical Framework -- 1.3.1 Theories of Ethnic Demography -- 1.3.2 Basic Assumptions of Demographic Anthropology -- 1.3.3 Rethinking Ethnic Demography: Borrowing Theories from Other Disciplines -- 1.4 Methodology -- 2 Ethnic Populations as Natural Systems: Internal Relations and Behavioral Properties -- 2.1 Relationship Within the System -- 2.1.1 Natural Systems: Theoretical Definitions -- 2.1.2 Ethnic Population-Environment Systems -- 2.2 Structural Change -- 2.2.1 Size Changes in Ethnic Populations -- 2.2.2 Changes in the Population Size of Ethnic Groups -- 2.2.3 Changes in Crude Birth Rates of Ethnic Groups -- 2.2.4 Changes in Crude Death Rates of Ethnic Groups -- 2.2.5 Changes in the Gender Structure of Ethnic Groups -- 2.2.6 Changes in Sex-Age Composition of Ethnic Groups -- 2.3 Reproduction Among Ethnic Populations: Factors and Trends -- 2.3.1 Major Theories -- 2.3.2 Stages of Demographic Transition of Ethnic Populations -- 2.4 Properties and Behavioral Pattern of a Natural System -- 2.4.1 Reproductive Behavior and Patterns of Ethnic Groups -- 2.4.2 Mortality Rates of Ethnic Groups -- 2.4.3 Theoretical Analysis -- 3 Ethnic Populations: A Macroscopic Analysis -- 3.1 Economic Relations -- 3.1.1 Economic System -- 3.1.2 Economic Structure -- 3.1.3 Economic Performance of Minority Ethnic Groups -- 3.1.4 Labor and Employment Among Minority Ethnic Groups -- 3.2 Social Relations -- 3.2.1 Relations in the Social System -- 3.2.2 Structure of the Social System and the Basis for Categorization.

1. Introduction: Political Demography and Anthropological Perspectives of Demographic Phenomena -- 2. Eldercare Services in Urban China -- 3. China's Population Change and Its Geopolitical Impact -- 4. The PRC Belt and Road Initiative: An Accelerator to Achieve the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals? -- 5. Creating Legitimacy and Exercising Political Power: An Analysis of the Functions of the Chinese Constitutional Preamble Based on a Linguistic Study -- 6. Revisit Chinese Exceptionalism through the Lens of New Foreign Relations Law -- 7. Coordination and Interaction between Intra-Party Regulations and National Laws in the Context of Supervision System Reform -- 8. What Influences Fertility Plans of China's Migrant Populations? Mechanism Analysis Based on House Prices Perspective -- 9. Conclusion: Future of China's Demography: Legal, Social, Political, and Economic Reforms.