Suspending Belief: Epoché in Animal Behavior Science
In: American anthropologist: AA, Volume 115, Issue 3, p. 423-436
ISSN: 1548-1433
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In: American anthropologist: AA, Volume 115, Issue 3, p. 423-436
ISSN: 1548-1433
In: American anthropologist: AA, Volume 61, Issue 1, p. 173-173
ISSN: 1548-1433
A PhD candidate in biological sciences, who is also pursuing a graduate certificate in women's studies, describes male-centered paradigms in the study of fish coloration that overlook coloration displays in females. As a result, many traits common to both sexes are labeled "male traits," thereby obscuring the actual degree of sexual variation. It is argued that the traditionally male-dominated field of animal behavior has produced many theories that fail to consider female evolution. However, recent work by the growing number of women in the field, as well as some astute male scientists, has focused more on androcentric research that reflects larger cultural shifts in gender roles. Personal experiences as a woman in a male-dominated field are related, along with how childhood socialization served to restrict certain aspirations, & how human gender roles inhibit conceptions of male & female animals. A discussion of the need to challenge science's gender-based representations contends that the insights & methodologies of feminist theory must be applied in order to develop a more flexible view of animal nature. 17 References. J. Lindroth
This book details the results of the authors' research using laboratory animals to investigate individual choice theory in economics-consumer-demand and labour supply behaviour and choice under uncertainty. The use of laboratory animals provides the opportunity to conduct controlled experiments involving precise and demanding tests of economic theory with rewards and punishments of real consequence. Economic models are compared to psychological and biological choice models along with the results of experiments testing between these competing explanations. Results of animal experiments are used to address questions of social policy importance
ISSN: 0016-6685, 0016-6677
In: Behavioral science, Volume 33, Issue 4, p. 257-271
In: Public choice, Volume 92, Issue 1-2, p. 207-210
ISSN: 0048-5829
In: Computers and Electronics in Agriculture, Volume 151, p. 478-484
In: Social studies of science: an international review of research in the social dimensions of science and technology, Volume 43, Issue 1, p. 3-29
ISSN: 1460-3659
Animal models of human disorders are a ubiquitous feature of contemporary biomedical research, but how is their value and role in understanding human disorders established? This article examines the dynamics of building up (and sometimes knocking down) claims about what a model can demonstrate in the field of animal behavior genetics. Drawing on long-standing analogies that describe scientific knowledge production as a process of construction, I introduce the metaphor of an 'epistemic scaffold' to illuminate how scientists create and contest claims about the utility of animal models. The flexible, temporary nature of scaffolding draws attention to the processes of building up claims to increasingly risky heights and reconfiguring the evidence supporting particular models by including or excluding particular facts and claims. As researchers include or exclude observations from epistemic scaffolds, to contest or build up different links, they gradually frame human disorders. Negotiations over how much to claim about the utility of animal models also reflect larger tensions in the discipline concerning what animal studies reveal about human disorders.
In: Computers and electronics in agriculture: COMPAG online ; an international journal, Volume 207, p. 107707
In: Women's studies: an interdisciplinary journal, Volume 48, Issue 3, p. 309-345
ISSN: 1547-7045
2.3.3 Aggregations Influenced by Predation2.3.4 Aggregations During Migration; 2.4 STATIONARY ASSOCIATIONS CENTERED AROUND SPECIES INTERACTIONS; 2.4.1 Associations Based on a Protective Species; 2.4.2 Mixed-Species Colonies or Roosts; 2.4.3 Cleaning Mutualisms; 2.5 CONCLUSIONS; 3 -- Moving Mixed-Species Groups in Different Taxa; 3.1 COMPARING MOVING MIXED-SPECIES GROUPS; 3.2 INVERTEBRATES; 3.3 FISH AND AQUATIC AMPHIBIANS; 3.3.1 Saltwater Fish; 3.3.2 Freshwater Fish and Aquatic Amphibians; 3.4 MAMMALS; 3.4.1 Cetaceans; 3.4.2 Ungulates; 3.4.3 Primates; 3.5 BIRDS; 3.5.1 Seabirds; 3.5.2 Shorebirds
In: Computers and electronics in agriculture: COMPAG online ; an international journal, Volume 206, p. 107647