Suchergebnisse

The period of deep détente, at the turn of the millennium, has even reduced our ability to manage crises. The skills of prudent confrontation, developed during the Cold War, have been lost. So we must again tread the path to stabilization and peaceful coexistence. But we will first need to set foot on that path.

The latest changes in the international arena, including the new Russia-DPRK relationship, are returning the global community to pre-liberal international practice. The first Cold War's victors have so far been unsuccessful in their attempts to regain dominance. It is up to everyone to decide whether this is good or bad. But the world has come new Russia-DPRK relationship, full circle.

States have adopted increasingly hardline responses to foreign interference over the course of the last decade. The article traces how states have conceptualized the threats posed by interference; examines why they have become increasingly intolerant of it; and typologizes their responses, highlighting solutions at the levels of individuals, organizations, and infrastructure. The analysis indicates that states use the concept of 'interference' to explain related but distinct phenomena. To better understand actors' interaction, the authors propose an analytical matrix based on the degree of the actions' directness and severity. Interference is a long-term phenomenon that will remain highly conflictual and that will provoke ever-harsher countermeasures.

The authors present a coordinate system to map the international reaction to the Ukraine crisis, with special attention to African states. Methods of cluster, correlation, and regression analyses are used to obtain an overall picture of the international reaction to the crisis over time and highlight factors that can influence the positions of states. The positions of African states cannot be easily explained by material factors but are rather the consequence of political choice. African states gravitate towards a neutral position to stay equidistant from both sides in the confrontation. Assertive attempts by the great powers to persuade African states to solidarize with their positions may prove abortive.

The ideological factor is regaining significance in today's multipolar world and promotes the importance of an ideological and value dialogue between right-wing conservative forces in Russia and right-wing forces in Europe. The values shared by the representatives of European right-wing movements are close to Russia's value agenda, which proves the feasibility of establishing diverse strategic interaction with the proponents of such ideological views in Europe.