Suchergebnisse

An almost accidental by-product of the enhanced HIPC initiative, the process of producing poverty reduction strategy papers represents at least potentially a non-trivial change in the way international finance interacts with poverty reduction efforts at the national level. This paper reports the preliminary findings of a study commissioned by the Strategic Partnership with Africa (SPA) that considers early experiences with PRSPs in eight African countries: Benin, Ghana, Kenya, Malawi, Mali, Mozambique, Rwanda and Tanzania. The paper argues that politics matters; that PRSPs have helped bring poverty into the policy mainstream; that PRSPs depend on but also contribute something to wider structural reforms; and that the consultative processes around PRSPs could produce second-round effects of a beneficial kind. – poverty ; policy process ; political systems ; participation

The present study looks into the establishment of the National Consultative Council (NCC) of Jordan, which was established upon directions from late King Hussein in 1974. It aims at bridging the constitutional gap left by an obstruction in the parliamentary life, following the Rabat Summit in 1974, which declared the Palestine Liberation Organization as the sole legitimate representative of the Palestinian people. Consequently, the Jordanian government decided to establish NCC to support the democratic life in the country and offer assistance in the process of endorsing laws.

Ferreira-Borges, C., Endal, D., Babor, T., Dias, S., Kachiwiya, M., & Zakeyu, N. (2014). Alcohol policy process in Malawi: Making it happen. The International Journal Of Alcohol And Drug Research, 3(3), 187 – 192. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.7895/ijadr.v3i3.156Aims: This paper presents the recent history of alcohol-policy development in Malawi, describing changes in the policy process, initiatives to expand the involvement of relevant stakeholders, and efforts to limit the role and influence of vested commercial interests. We also note the challenges that remain for alcohol-policy formulation in Malawi.Design: We used a holistic, single case-study design to illustrate the process, using information generated from a combination of direct and indirect observations, document reviews, media analysis, and in-depth and semi-structured interviews.Findings: Alcohol policy development in Malawi reflects a complex combination of political and social processes, fraught with numerous stakeholder conflicts and political power plays. Despite the influence of the alcohol industry in the agenda-setting and consultative process, when adequately resourced and supported, civil society organizations can play an important and productive role in steering policy developments in a sound public-interest direction.Conclusions: Documenting this type of practical "natural experiment" provides an important opportunity for learning. The Malawi case study reinforces the need for more regular policy analysis of similar initiatives—in particular, in low-income developing countries—and for additional study of the alcohol-policy development process and policy implementation.

Studies of legislatures in developing countries have to contend with a great deal of cynicism owing, in part, to a political controversy concerning the role of the legislative institution in the Third World. The executive branch, which is generally dominant in developing nations, often uses the legislature to legitimize executive actions. Legislators who agree to serve the executive in this fashion often exaggerate or misrepresent the importance of the legislature in their political system. Conversely, opposition groups, who are frequently excluded from the political process in Third World countries, denigrate the role of legislatures and often exaggerate their ineffectiveness. Scholars have mostly ingnored the role of legislatures in the process of development.

In the mid-1990s, the Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research (CGIAR) expanded its mission beyond sustainable improvements in productivity and formally incorporated a poverty focus. At the same time it initiated a process for the System to become explicitly output and impact oriented. As a result, social science research has become an integral part of the CGIAR research agenda and the research implementation process. And there is evidence that research in the social and anthropological disciplines is permeating the CGIAR research. However, there is a need for a systematic effort to facilitate the formulation and implementation of an updated social science research agenda that is commensurate with the new CGIAR vision and strategy. This is particularly important in facilitating the true integration of social research into the CGIAR research agenda, a need that has been strongly highlighted by external reviews in recent years. This article emphasises that there is a need to foster a research culture and ethos in the CGIAR that will promote a development-oriented synthesis of socially responsible research that integrates biophysical and human sciences in CGIAR research planning and implementation processes along the research-to-development continuum in agriculture, forestry, and fisheries. (Original abstract)

In recent years, European states have institutionalised relations with Islamic groups in the form of national Islam councils. Similarly, municipalities have set up more or less comparable bodies to address issues related to urban religious diversity. However, rather than being restricted to Muslim representatives, municipal consultative bodies usually incorporate a variety of religious actors. This contribution analyses three such bodies in the French cities of Rennes, Bordeaux, and Toulouse. Adopting a governance perspective and drawing on qualitative fieldwork, I argue that by providing concrete advice on how to address religious issues, these bodies define what are considered 'acceptable' and 'unacceptable' public religious expressions, ultimately influencing normative ideas about laïcité. Moreover, I argue that the history of relationships between religious and municipal authorities and the political culture of the cities, among other factors, shape these local processes, thereby emphasising the distinct role of cities and urban actors in governing religion.

Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) systems are implemented in business in the hope of obtaining benefits in the form of improved communications and increased efficiency through the standardization of information technology (IT) across functional business areas. The benefits, and in some cases problems, associated with implementation have been well documented, however there is little information available on their effectiveness in different types of organization. This paper looks at ERP implementations in Government Owned Corporations (GOC) and discusses implementation issues by looking at the way we perceive such organisations. A GOC case study is presented and explored in terms of the ERP and GOC literature in the context of existing social research approaches. This paper examines why end users in a GOC appear to be neither complying with, nor fully exploiting the potential of the ERP. The paper contends that discourses by staff at the operational level are different to that of staff at the managerial level. The paper also confirms previous research stating the importance of end user input for effective IT systems and ERP implementation processes.

Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) systems are implemented in business in the hope of obtaining benefits in the form of improved communications and increased efficiency through the standardization of information technology (IT) across functional business areas. The benefits, and in some cases problems, associated with implementation have been well documented, however there is little information available on their effectiveness in a different form of organization. This paper looks at ERP implementations in Government Owned Corporations (GOC) and discusses implementation issues by looking at the way we perceive such organisations. A GOC case study is presented and explored in terms of the ERP and GOC literature in the context of existing social research approaches. This paper examines why end users in a GOC appear to be neither complying with, nor fully exploiting the potential of the ERP. The paper contends that discourses by staff at the operational level are different to that of staff at the managerial level. The paper also confirms previous research stating the importance of end user input for effective IT systems and ERP implementation processes.

In the mid-1990s, the Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research (CGIAR) expanded its mission beyond sustainable improvements in productivity & formally incorporated a poverty focus. At the same time it initiated a process for the System to become explicitly output & impact oriented. As a result, social science research has become an integral part of the CGIAR research agenda & the research implementation process. & there is evidence that research in the social & anthropological disciplines is permeating the CGIAR research. However, there is a need for a systematic effort to facilitate the formulation & implementation of an updated social science research agenda that is commensurate with the new CGIAR vision & strategy. This is particularly important in facilitating the true integration of social research into the CGIAR research agenda, a need that has been strongly highlighted by external reviews in recent years. This article emphasizes that there is a need to foster a research culture & ethos in the CGIAR that will promote a development-oriented synthesis of socially responsible research that integrates biophysical & human sciences in CGIAR research planning & implementation processes along the research-to-development continuum in agriculture, forestry, & fisheries. 2 Tables, 2 Figures, 2 Appendixes, 31 References. Adapted from the source document.

Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) systems are implemented in business in the hope of obtaining benefits in the form of improved communications and increased efficiency through the standardization of information technology (IT) across functional business areas. The benefits, and in some cases problems, associated with implementation have been well documented, however there is little information available on their effectiveness in different types of organization. This paper looks at ERP implementations in Government Owned Corporations (GOC) and discusses implementation issues by looking at the way we perceive such organisations. A GOC case study is presented and explored in terms of the ERP and GOC literature in the context of existing social research approaches. This paper examines why end users in a GOC appear to be neither complying with, nor fully exploiting the potential of the ERP. The paper contends that discourses by staff at the operational level are different to that of staff at the managerial level. The paper also confirms previous research stating the importance of end user input for effective IT systems and ERP implementation processes. ; Full Text

481International organization — Officials — Contract of employment — Secondment to another organization — Definition and legal elements of secondment — Whether the two organizations are sole parties to secondment to exclusion of official — Whether terms of secondment can be varied without consent of official concerned — Effect of absence of letter of appointment from receiving organization — Implied fixed-term contract with receiving organization — Termination of fixed-term appointments — Due process — Remedies — Damages in lieu of specific performance — No recovery for remote damage.

Prior to June 1997, military picture archiving and communications systems (PACS) were planned, procured, and installed with key decisions on the system, equipment, and even funding sources made through a research and development office called Medical Diagnostic Imaging Systems (MDIS). Beginning in June 1997, the Joint Imaging Technology Project Office (JITPO) initiated a collaborative and consultative process for planning and implementing PACS into military treatment facilities through a new Department of Defense (DoD) contract vehicle called digital imaging networks (DIN)-PACS. The JITPO reengineered this process incorporating multiple organizations and politics. The reengineered PACS process administered through the JITPO transformed the decision process and accountability from a single office to a consultative method that increased end-user knowledge, responsibility, and ownership in PACS. The JITPO continues to provide information and services that assist multiple groups and users in rendering PACS planning and implementation decisions. Local site project managers are involved from the outset and this end-user collaboration has made the sometimes difficult transition to PACS an easier and more acceptable process for all involved. Corporately, this process saved DoD sites millions by having PACS plans developed within the government and proposed to vendors second, and then having vendors respond specifically to those plans. The integrity and efficiency of the process have reduced the opportunity for implementing nonstandard systems while sharing resources and reducing wasted government dollars. This presentation will describe the chronology of changes, encountered obstacles, and lessons learned within the reengineering of the PACS process for DIN-PACS.