Suchergebnisse

This book covers central issues in mitigating supply chain risks from various perspectives. Todays supply chains are vulnerable to disruptions that can have a significant impact on firms, business and performance. The aim of supply chain risk management is to identify the potential sources of risks and implement appropriate actions in order to mitigate supply chain disruptions. In this regard, the book presents a wealth of methods, strategies and analyses that are essential for mitigating supply chain risks. As a comprehensive collection of the latest research and cutting-edge developments in supply chain risk and its mitigation, the book is structured into four main parts, addressing supply chain risk strategies and developments; supply chain risk management review; supply chain sustainability and resilience; and supply chain analysis and risk management applications. The contributing authors are leading academic researchers and practitioners, who combine findings and research results with a practical and contemporary view on how companies can best manage supply chain risks and disruptions, as well as how to create resilient and sustainable supply chains. This book can be used as an essential resource for students and scholars who are interested in pursuing research or teaching courses on the rapidly growing field of supply chain management. It also offers an interesting and informative read for managers and practitioners who need to deepen their understanding of effective supply chain risk management.

International audience ; The French Antilles (French West Indies) are located within a high seismic hazard zone. In 2007, the French Government has launched the French Antilles National Earthquake Plan to reduce the vulnerability of people and buildings in these islands. In Martinique, actions regarding public information are implemented by the Réplik group ('Réplik' means 'aftershock' in French) since 2006. Actions include events and innovations which intend to raise awareness among the public: theatre skits, prevention caravan and earthquake simulator, conferences, posters and plastic arts exhibitions related to earthquakes, specific goodies, information stands in fairs, TV and radio spots, information in companies during working hours, training courses for construction professionals and recently a specific internet site dedicated to the local actions. The seismic hazard mitigation policy also consists in actions regarding the vulnerability of previous buildings and lifelines or infrastructures. The seismic diagnosis (and their potential capacity to be reinforced) of public primary and high schools has begun; based on this inventory, several retrofit or strengthening projects to the seismic standards are now launched, with techniques adapted to the local context. On a scientific point of view, a regional evaluation of coastal exposure to tsunami has been completed and seismic microzonations are currently being implemented in several districts. Surveys and observations outline a growing knowledge demand and preparedness concern from the community and from the local representatives. However, despite these initiatives, surveys about preparedness appropriation and the low number of retrofit projects suggest that there is still much to do towards seismic risk mitigation in Martinique.

International audience ; The French Antilles (French West Indies) are located within a high seismic hazard zone. In 2007, the French Government has launched the French Antilles National Earthquake Plan to reduce the vulnerability of people and buildings in these islands. In Martinique, actions regarding public information are implemented by the Réplik group ('Réplik' means 'aftershock' in French) since 2006. Actions include events and innovations which intend to raise awareness among the public: theatre skits, prevention caravan and earthquake simulator, conferences, posters and plastic arts exhibitions related to earthquakes, specific goodies, information stands in fairs, TV and radio spots, information in companies during working hours, training courses for construction professionals and recently a specific internet site dedicated to the local actions. The seismic hazard mitigation policy also consists in actions regarding the vulnerability of previous buildings and lifelines or infrastructures. The seismic diagnosis (and their potential capacity to be reinforced) of public primary and high schools has begun; based on this inventory, several retrofit or strengthening projects to the seismic standards are now launched, with techniques adapted to the local context. On a scientific point of view, a regional evaluation of coastal exposure to tsunami has been completed and seismic microzonations are currently being implemented in several districts. Surveys and observations outline a growing knowledge demand and preparedness concern from the community and from the local representatives. However, despite these initiatives, surveys about preparedness appropriation and the low number of retrofit projects suggest that there is still much to do towards seismic risk mitigation in Martinique.

International audience ; The French Antilles (French West Indies) are located within a high seismic hazard zone. In 2007, the French Government has launched the French Antilles National Earthquake Plan to reduce the vulnerability of people and buildings in these islands. In Martinique, actions regarding public information are implemented by the Réplik group ('Réplik' means 'aftershock' in French) since 2006. Actions include events and innovations which intend to raise awareness among the public: theatre skits, prevention caravan and earthquake simulator, conferences, posters and plastic arts exhibitions related to earthquakes, specific goodies, information stands in fairs, TV and radio spots, information in companies during working hours, training courses for construction professionals and recently a specific internet site dedicated to the local actions. The seismic hazard mitigation policy also consists in actions regarding the vulnerability of previous buildings and lifelines or infrastructures. The seismic diagnosis (and their potential capacity to be reinforced) of public primary and high schools has begun; based on this inventory, several retrofit or strengthening projects to the seismic standards are now launched, with techniques adapted to the local context. On a scientific point of view, a regional evaluation of coastal exposure to tsunami has been completed and seismic microzonations are currently being implemented in several districts. Surveys and observations outline a growing knowledge demand and preparedness concern from the community and from the local representatives. However, despite these initiatives, surveys about preparedness appropriation and the low number of retrofit projects suggest that there is still much to do towards seismic risk mitigation in Martinique.

This study investigates two risk-reduction mechanisms: self-insurance and market insurance. Specifically, it examines individuals' preferences and valuations for these mechanisms to mitigate the earthquake risk in Turkey. An experiment designed to test the expected utility theory and previous theoretical frameworks was conducted with 78 subjects. The results indicate that self-insurance (retrofitting the house) and market insurance (earthquake insurance) are found to be substitutes. Furthermore, self-insurance and market insurance are found to differ significantly with respect to individuals' valuations and buying decisions, and the subjects are found to prefer self-insurance to market insurance. This conclusion may provide some policy implications to assist the Turkish government in taking the necessary actions to mitigate disaster risk. The results suggest that the self-insurance mechanism, an urban renewal project, should be invested in more than the market insurance mechanism, the Turkish Compulsory Insurance Pool. Population characteristics are discussed according to their insurance preferences.

Enhancing building owners' earthquake risk preparedness has been a major challenge in many seismically active regions. Many property owners are found unwilling to adopt adequate risk mitigation measures in their earthquake-prone buildings, despite the availability of various technical design solutions and the enactment of intervening legislative frameworks necessary to facilitate successful earthquake risk preparedness. This paper examined the rationale behind building owners' unwillingness to adopt adequate mitigation measures with a view to improve current stakeholders' practices in earthquake risk mitigation. Using a mixed-method approach, comprising both qualitative and quantitative methods, an examination of the decision-making process and different stakeholders involved in earthquake risk mitigation and the property market, provided insights into the causal agents and stakeholder practices that pose challenges to property owners' mitigation decisions. Stake-holder practices acting as impediments revealed are property valuation assessment of retrofitted and non-retrofitted EPBs, lack of demand for improved performance in older buildings, high earthquake insurance policy premiums and deductibles, and lack of a risk assessment information system. An in-depth understanding of these challenges highlights the need for a holistic approach that should incorporate market-based incentives necessary for successful earthquake preparedness by building owners, and for designing effective strategies for improving earthquake risk mitigation.

AbstractDoes transnational anti-bribery enforcement affect the risk-mitigation strategies of firms? This paper uses an original dataset on the enforcement actions of the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (FCPA) to examine the law's impact on corporate behavior and political risks for multinational corporations (MNCs). I argue that corrupt institutions are not necessarily undesirable for foreign investors. Foreign firms seek above-normal returns in high-risk markets through informal exchanges with the host government. FCPA enforcement provides a "fire alarm" that affects firms differently given their sensitivity to corruption concerns. FCPA enforcement has unequal deterrence against corporate misconduct, encouraging some firms to adopt transparency norms while incentivizing other firms to be more insidious in their corrupt business practices. I use a partial observability bivariate probit model to estimate the unobservable propensity of firms to engage in corrupt exchanges. Then I examine the impact of FCPA enforcement on Chinese FDI, and find that Chinese investments are deterred from markets with robust legal institutions. The FCPA's deterrence effects against corrupt competitors is a positive outcome for U.S. MNCs. However, American companies experience diminished returns in countries with strong investor protection regimes. External legal interventions under the FCPA generate regulatory burdens on U.S. that limit their business opportunities.