Suchergebnisse

This book looks at the challenges hospital managers face in matching supply and demand for hospital services while maintaining service quality and keeping costs low, and to what extent and how has the Operations Management (OM) literature contributed to addressing these challenges.

4.160 demands for information were posed to the news information service of a regional TV station in 1999. The average daily number of demands was 16,7, with a wide span along the different production periods of the year. No correlation was found between volume of production and number of requests. Most of demands fell in categories like Politics, Social Affairs, Law and Crime, Cinema, the Media, Music, Sports and Geography. Generic questions account for more than a half of demands, while specific data were demanded in 26,32 per cent of the questions. Celebrities focused one third of demands and 11,25 per cent referred to facts. Newsroom journalist were by large the most frequent users, followed by story writters for fictional, public service or entertainment productions. Level of specialized demands and user groups can justify the implementation of SDI facilities. ; El servicio de documentación escrita de Radiotelevisión Valenciana recibió 4.160 solicitudes de información planteadas por 562 usuarios en 1999. El promedio de peticiones por día (16,7) resultó muy variable a lo largo de los diversos periodos de producción del año (máximo de 33,7 en febrero y mínimo de 10 en agosto). Aunque el tema que más peticiones suscitó sólo acumulaba el 14,2% de las peticiones, 8 de los 42 grupos temáticos centran el 53,75% de las peticiones. Más de la mitad de las peticiones (52,54%) se referían a información genérica, pero en una proporción considerable (26,32%) se recaban datos fácticos sobre diversos asuntos y en casi el 10% de las peticiones se solicitan imágenes, usualmente fotografías. La información centrada en personajes casi acaparaba la tercera parte de las peticiones (30,66). Sobre acontecimientos concretos se han formulado el 11,25% de las peticiones, aunque más de la mitad del total se han centrado en asuntos genéricos. Los servicios informativos fueron los grandes peticionarios de información: han formulado más del 63% de las consultas, mientras no llega al 20% el número de solicitudes de los programas. Una ...

While numerous contemporary studies, in both social psychology and sociology of the law, have addressed legal socialization and legal consciousness on the part of individuals, little work has been done on the complex social construction of the need and demand for legal services. This is by no means a rhetorical question; it involves a number of competing definitions of the relationship between the legal profession and the public, and thus justifies the legal services currently offered. The author shows that policies relating to access to the law and the justice system in France today seek to focus on the user, which means that users must be able to characterize their situation in legal terms and apply to the courts. The process of raising individuals' consciousness of the law is examined against the backdrop of increasing liberalization of social policies. ; Si la socialisation juridique et la conscience du droit des individus font l'objet de nombreuses études contemporaines en psychologie sociale comme en sociologie du droit, peu de travaux portent sur la construction sociale complexe des besoins et demandes de services juridiques. Loin d'être une question rhétorique, elle renvoie à plusieurs définitions concurrentes des rapports entre les juristes et leur public et justifie par-là même l'offre de services juridiques en place. Dans cet article, je montrerai que les politiques d'accès au droit et à la justice ambitionnent aujourd'hui, en France, de replacer l'usager au cœur du dispositif, ce qui implique que celui-ci soit en mesure de qualifier en termes juridiques la situation qu'il vit et de formuler une demande de droit. La conscientisation des individus au droit se trouve ainsi interrogée dans un contexte de libéralisation croissante des politiques sociales. ; Peer reviewed

The thesis studies both theoretically and empirically the management of ecosystem services by farmers in two parts. In the first part, I study the supply and demand for productive ecosystem services by analyzing farmers' behavior. I introduce biodiversity indicators that depend on acreage into existing models from production economics. My main contribution to the literature is to prove, from the analysis of farmers' observed behavior that farmers consciously manage productive ecosystem services. I bring other elements to the literature, such as new elements on the agricultural technology or showing that the collective management of ecosystem services rarely arises spontaneously in real landscapes.In the second part, I study the demand for non- productive ecosystem services. I apply several analytical frameworks developed in environmental economics to the specificities of agriculture, i.e. the environmental service influences the supply of multiple public goods with different spatial distribution of the demand. I contribute to the literature by showing that while most of the demand for environmental services provided by farmers is captured locally (at the municipal level), a part of the demand is expressed at larger scales. This has implications for agri-environmental policies, which I explore through two examples: the pesticide savings and the maintenance of agricultural wetlands ; La thèse étudie théoriquement et empiriquement la gestion des services écosystémiques par les agriculteurs sous le prisme économique. La thèse se divise en deux parties. Dans la première partie, je m'intéresse à l'offre et à la demande de services écosystémiques productifs en analysant le comportement des agriculteurs. J'introduis des indicateurs de biodiversité dépendants des assolements dans des modèles existants issus de l'économie de production. Ma principale contribution à la littérature est de prouver, à partir de l'analyse des comportements observés des agriculteurs, que les agriculteurs gèrent consciemment les services ...