Suchergebnisse

The Paris Agreement aims to hold the increase in the global average temperature to well below 2°C above pre-industrial levels (and pursue efforts to limit it to 1.5°C), but does not refer specifically to greenhouse gas emissions from the international maritime transport sector. This Report outlines the findings of a project commissioned by the Nordic Council of Ministers, focusing on opportunities for Nordic countries to achieve a transition to low-carbon shipping at national, regional and global scales. It is informed by discussions at the World Maritime University in Malmö in December 2016 between representatives of governments, businesses, NGOs and the research community. The Report presents a low-carbon roadmap for shipping with actions and outcomes concerning low-carbon technology, ship operations, finance, public policy, and public-private partnerships.

AbstractWe examined the influence of racial and ethnic identity of residents and housing market economic conditions on redlining. Data were extracted from archival area description forms from the Home Owners' Loan Corporation for 568 Ohio neighborhoods from 1934–1940. Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the relationships between neighborhood characteristics and redlining. Bivariate results indicated a strong association between the presence of African American residents and neighborhood redlining (OR = 40.9, 95% CI 22.9-72.8). Multivariable analysis demonstrated that some neighborhood characteristics were contributors to the decision to redline, including homes in poor condition (OR = 4.3, 95% CI 1.2-15.1), home vacancy (OR = 1.4, 95% CI 1.1-1.6), and housing prices (per thousand dollars) (OR = 0.7, 95% CI 0.4-1.2). Adjusting for these and other factors, the presence of African American residents remained a powerful predictor of redlining (OR = 13.8, 95% CI 4.4-42.8). Racial discrimination was the overriding factor in decisions to redline neighborhoods.

The final workshop of the Italy-Croatia Interreg project GUTTA took place in Lecce, at the premises of the Fondazione CMCC, on May 4th, 2022. It reviewed the state of the art of maritime decarbonisation from multiple viewpoints: the regulatory institutions, the research and academia, the industry, and an advocacy organisation. It also provided a special focus on the impact of COVID-19 on the maritime sector, and how it may have affected its pathway towards its decarbonisation. The workshop attempted to bring the latest technical advancements to the broadest audience. The speakers were committed to an effort for plain communication, also to foster cross-cutting interactions among them. The workshop was moderated by a television journalist, and several students from local high schools attended it. On this webpage, all presentations, given in person or remotely, are documented through their slides. The abstracts and CV of the speakers are available here, while the integral video recordings available here. Agenda: Session A Introduction 9:00 Welcome and moderation Marina Lalovic Journalist at RAI – Rainews24 9:10 Institutional greetings/1 Alessandro Delli Noci Regione Puglia, Councillor 9:20 Institutional greetings/2 Maja Markovčić Kostelac EMSA, Director 9:30 An overview of the GUTTA project Paola Agostini CMCC, Senior Scientific Manager Session B Decarbonisation 9:40 Reduction of CO2 emissions from shipping Tristan Smith UCL Energy Institute, Associate Professor and UMAS, Director 10:10 EU legislative proposals for maritime decarbonisation María Alfayate EU Commission, DG-Clima, Policy Officer 10:30 Coffee break 11:00 EU shipping proposals: fit for maritime decarbonisation? Delphine Gozillon T&E, Sustainable Shipping Policy Officer 11:20 Maritime decarbonisation: European framework and shipyards perspective in Italy Chiara Notaro CETENA, Research and WATERBORNE, Board 11:40 The GUTTA-VISIR service for least-CO2 ferry routes Gianandrea Mannarini CMCC, Senior Scientist 12:00 Panel discussion of session B 13:00 ...

Cold Dark Matter with cosmological constant (ΛCDM) cosmological models with early dark energy (EDE) have been proposed to resolve tensions between the Hubble constant H 0=100, h km -1pc-1 measured locally, giving h ≈ 0.73, and H0 deduced from Planck cosmic microwave background (CMB) and other early-Universe measurements plus ΛCDM, giving h ≈ 0.67. EDE models do this by adding a scalar field that temporarily adds dark energy equal to about 10 per cent of the cosmological energy density at the end of the radiation-dominated era at redshift z ∼3500. Here, we compare linear and non-linear predictions of a Planck-normalized ΛCDM model including EDE giving h = 0.728 with those of standard Planck-normalized ΛCDM with h = 0.678. We find that non-linear evolution reduces the differences between power spectra of fluctuations at low redshifts. As a result, at z = 0 the halo mass functions on galactic scales are nearly the same, with differences only 1-2 per cent. However, the differences dramatically increase at high redshifts. The EDE model predicts 50 per cent more massive clusters at z = 1 and twice more galaxy-mass haloes at z = 4. Even greater increases in abundances of galaxy-mass haloes at higher redshifts may make it easier to reionize the universe with EDE. Predicted galaxy abundances and clustering will soon be tested by the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) observations. Positions of baryonic acoustic oscillations (BAOs) and correlation functions differ by about 2 per cent between the models-an effect that is not washed out by non-linearities. Both standard ΛCDM and the EDE model studied here agree well with presently available acoustic-scale observations, but the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument and Euclid measurements will provide stringent new tests. © 2021 The Author(s). ; AK and FP thank the support of the Spanish Ministry of Science funding grant PGC2018-101931-B-I00. This work used the skun6@IAA facility managed by the Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía (CSIC). The equipment was funded by the Spanish Ministry of Science EU-FEDER infrastructure grantEQC2018-004366-P. MK acknowledges the support of NSF Grant No. 1519353, NASA NNX17AK38G, and the Simons Foundation. TLS acknowledges support from NASA (through grant 80NSSC18K0728) and the Research Corporation. We thank Alexie Leauthaud and Johannes Lange for a helpful discussion about weak lensing results. ; With funding from the Spanish government through the Severo Ochoa Centre of Excellence accreditation SEV-2017-0709. ; Peer reviewed