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This paper comprises of different agendas prepared for gender equality and socio economic empowerment of women in todays world. Gender equality is not just a womens issue, now it has acquired a wide recognition and it is a development issue. Women economic empowerment is essential for economic development, growth and poverty reduction not only because the income it generates but also to break the vicious circle of life. We can achieve gender equality by educating girls increasing literacy rates among women increasing early childhood development interventions increasing womens labour force participation and strengthening labour policies affecting women improving womens access to credit, land and other resources promoting womens political rights and participation expanding reproductive health programs and family support policies. Empowering women and girls is not only the right thing to do, its also smart economics and vital to ending poverty and boosting shared prosperity. The meaning of gender stereotype is simply the generalisations about the roles of each gender. These are generally neither positive nor negative. Since each person has individual desires, thoughts and feelings, regardless of their gender, these stereotypes are generally incredibly simplistic and do not describe attributes of every person of each gender. There is a general notion that a female stereotypic role is to marry and have children, she puts her family and children welfare before her own, a women are often nurse and not doctors, be loving, compassionate, caring, nurturing, and find time to feel sexy and beautiful. The feminist movement, or womens liberation movement which is a major initiative towards empowerment of socio-political force in early sixties, has lobbied for the rights of women and minorities. Feminists have fought hard to challenge and redefine traditional stereotypic gender roles.

Human trafficking is a pernicious new variation on the ancient theme of slavery and trading in human flesh. It is considered a serious organised crime against humanity, reduces their sense of worth and punctures their ego and sense of dignity. Human trafficking is a transnational crime, a global problem that targets vulnerable individuals and affects every country. Its expansion depends on there being source countries with people demanding better economic living conditions, and destination countries with people or industries demanding cheap labour or cheap prostitution to enlarge their profits. The Protocol to Prevent Suppress and Punish Trafficking in Persons, especially Women and Children by United Nations marks the international community's cumulative efforts to deal with this transnational organised crime. The Trafficking Protocol was entered into force on 2003. It has been signed by 117 countries and ratified by 159 parties. This article focuses on the ambiguity of definition of human trafficking given by UNO protocol.

Drawing on intersectionality theory, I examine how U.S. visa policies shape the informal self-employment experiences of Indian women and men who migrated to the United States on "dependent visas" to accompany their highly skilled spouses on temporary work visas. Dependent visa policy prohibits employment for the visa holders for a period that can last from 6 to 20 years. Despite this, only a handful of those on dependent visas pursued informal self-employment in my sample, with fewer men than women. This study is based on interviews with 45 participants, with a special focus on 18 dependent spouses (men and women), who had engaged in active self-employment, and tries to understand their experiences with self-employment, particularly their choice of businesses and the role of self-employment in their lives as dependents. I conclude that the complexities of the experiences of self-employment for my research participants are embedded in the intersections of their gender, class, race, and immigration status. Additionally, self-employment itself inadvertently becomes an act of subversion against their state-imposed dependence.

Business dynamic of today's market has changed and as a result, market need to focus on transparency in the business hence corporate governance has become important for all sectors including government organization. Corporate Governance is steadily focusing on building the confidence of its various stake holders including Customers, Suppliers, employees, shareholders, Bankers and Society at large. As these public-sector organization (PSU) are socially responsible unit, it becomes utmost important for these organization to adhere to these clauses because these are run by tax payer money for its operation. A company is directed and controlled with the system of rules, practices and process of the corporate governance. The corporate Governance framework of any Public-Sector Undertakings depends upon the four pillars namely Transparency, Full disclosures, Independent monitoring and Fairness to all. Study examines the existing corporate Governance environment, practice and institutional framework in PSUs in India. It is a theoretic review of corporate governance of PSU in India. This paper attempts to understand the various reason for failure to hold governance of the PSUs in India and accordingly provide the solutions to improve the implementation of corporate governance. Though the public sector has unique characteristics but need to adhere the corporate governance to bring the accountability, transparency in business and enhance confidence of the stakeholders. This paper is based on purely secondary research from the various literature available in the journal. It is purely conceptual paper based on the authors recommendations. Article DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.20319/pijss.2018.41.1732 This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-Non-commercial 4.0 International License. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ or send a letter to Creative Commons, PO Box 1866, Mountain View, CA 94042, USA.

Darkness at dawn, the declaration, this paper of mine will be presenting the dawn of june 25,1975, the day on which internal Emergency was declared by the ruling Congress partygovernment reducing the Union government of India into a unitary government, its tyrannicalattitude ceasing the rights of people, the freedom of press resulting into mass scale rebellionby the opposition and finally ending the totalitarian government in 1977 after facing theoppression of almost nineteen months. This was the period of India's democracy whendemocracy was replaced by autocracy and I will be viewing this dark era with two novels ofcontemporary India presenting political thinking in literature, Midnight's Children (2006) bySalman Rushdie and The Great Indian Novel (1993) by Shashi Tharoor. An interestingparallel drawn between the Modern India's Emergency of 1975 and Ancient India'sMahabharata is what we see in Shashi Tharoor's novel. I will be including references fromseveral newspaper clippings and speeches of that time and also television shows showcasedmuch later after the Emergency presenting the realities and the plight of people who were lefton the margins. People were not only crippled by their actions but also by their thoughtswhich reduced them to mere subjects.